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Botanical Classifications
Zingiberaceae Lindley.
Zingiberaceae, or the Ginger family, is a family of flowering plants consisting of aromatic perennial herbs with creeping horizontal or tuberous rhizomes, comprising 47 genera and about 1000 species, distributed throughout tropical Africa, Asia and the Americas.
Members of the family are small to large herbaceous plants with distichous leaves with basal sheaths that overlap to form a pseudostem. The plants are either self-supporting or epiphytic. Flowers are hermaphroditic, usually strongly zygomorphic, in determinate cymose inflorescences, and subtended by conspicuous, spirally arranged bracts. The perianth is comprised of 2 whorls, a fused tubular calyx, and a tubular corolla with one lobe larger than the other two. Flowers typically have two of their stamenoids (sterile stamens) fused to form a petaloid lip, and have only one fertile stamen. The ovary is inferior and topped by two nectaries, the stigma is funnel-shaped.
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Major essential oil producing plants in the Zingiberaceae family. |
| Alpinia officinarum. |
Galangal Radix galanga minoris, Languas officinarum, Galanga, small galangal, lesser galangal, Chinese ginger, ginger root, colic root, East Indian root. Chewing John, Little John Chew |
| Curcuma longa. |
Turmeric Curcuma domestica, Amomoum curcuma, Curcuma, Indian saffron, Indian yellow root, curmuma. |
| Curcuma zedoaria. |
Zedoary Kachur |
| Elettaria cardamomum. |
Cardamom Elettaria cardamomum var. cardamomum, cardamomi, cardomom, cardamon seed, cardamom seed. |
| Zingiber officinalis. |
Ginger, Garden ginger, adrak, Canton ginger, common ginger, culinary ginger, Jamaica ginger |
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