Botanical Classifications
Rutaceae Juss., 1789
The Rutaceae are herbs, shrubs, and trees with glandular punctate, commonly strongly smelling herbage comprising about 150 genera and 1,500 species that are further characterized by the common occurrence of spines and winged petioles. The leaves are alternate or opposite, simple or palmately or pinnately compound, or sometimes heathlike or reduced to spines; stipules are absent. The flowers are often sweet-scented, nearly always bisexual, and are actinomorphic or sometimes zygomorphic. The calyx consists of 3-5 distinct or basally connate sepals and the corolla consists of 3-5 distinct or sometimes connate petals or rarely the petals are lacking. The androecium consists of distinct or sometimes connate stamens that are commonly obdiplostemonous, that is in two whorls with the outer whorl opposite the petals. However, sometimes there may be 3-4 whorls or rarely up to 60 stamens. The gynoecium consists of a single compound pistil of commonly 2-5 or more, often incompletely connate carpels that may be united only basally or apically, either one or an equal number of styles, and a superior ovary with usually 2-5 or more locules, each bearing 1-several axile ovules. Generally, an intrastaminal nectary disk is situated between the stamens and the ovary. The fruit is variable.
The most economically important genus in the family is Citrus, which includes the orange, lemon, lime and grapefruit.
Major essential oil producing plants in the Rutaceae family. |
| Agathosma betulina. |
Buchu, Barosma betulina, short buchu, mountain buchu, round leaf buchu. |
| Amyris balsamifera. |
Amyris, Schimmelia oleifera, West Indian Sandalwood oil, West Indian Rosewood, Poor Man's Sandalwood, |
| Galipea officinalis |
Angostura Bark |
| Boronia megastigma |
Boronia, Brown Boronia. |
| Citrus aurantifolia |
Lime, Citrus medica var. acida, Citrus latifolia, Mexican lime, West Indian lime, sour lime. |
| Citrus aurantium |
Bitter Orange, Citrus vulgaris, Citrus bigardia, Seville orange, sour orange bigarde. |
| Citrus aurantium |
Neroli, Citrus vulgaris, Citrus bigardia, Orange flower, neroli bigrade, orange blossom. |
| Citrus aurantium var. amara |
Petitgrain, Citrus bigardia, petitgrain bigarde, petitgrain Paraguay. |
| Citrus aurantium subsp. bergamia risso |
Bergamot, Citrus aurantium subsp. bergamia, Bergamont, |
| Citrus junos |
Yuzu, Mikan Citrus |
| Citrus limon |
Lemon, Cedro oil, limone oil |
| Citrus limon |
Petitgrain Lemon, |
| Citrus maxima |
Grapefruit Citrus racemosa, Citrus grandis, Citrus maxima var. racemose, pomelo, shaddock. |
| Citrus medica vulgaris |
Citron |
| Citrus reticulata |
Mandarin petitgrain, |
| Citrus reticulata |
Mandarin, Citrus nobilis, Citrus madurensis, Citrus unshiu, Citrus deliciosa, European mandarin, true mandarin, tangerine, satsuma.. |
| Citrus reticulata |
Tangerine, Citrus nobilis, Citrus madurensis, Citrus unshiu, Citrus deliciosa European mandarin, true mandarin, satsuma. |
| Citrus reticulata x clementine |
Clementine Algerian tangerine |
| Citrus sinensis |
Orange, Citrus aurantium var. dulcis, Citrus aurantium var, sinensis, China orange, Portugal orange, sweet orange. |
| Citrus sinensis |
Blood Orange |
| Citrus x paradisi |
Grapefruit, Citrus racemosa, Citrus maxima var. racemose, shaddock. |
| Citrus unshiu |
Satsuma, Seedless mandarin |
| Coleonema album |
Cape May, Cape May, white confetti bush, aasbossie, klipboegoe |
| Pilocarpus jaborandi |
Jaborandi, Iaborandi, Jamborandi, Arrudo do mato, jamguaraddi, juarandi |
| Ruta graveolens |
Rue, Garden rue, herb-of-grace, herbygrass. |
| Zanthoxylum alatum |
Trifolia |
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